What causes high blood pressure?
High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, can have several causes. Some of the common factors that contribute to high blood pressure include:
- Age: Blood pressure tends to increase with age as the arteries become stiffer and narrower.
- Genetics: Family history plays a role, as hypertension can be inherited.
- Unhealthy lifestyle: Poor diet, high salt intake, excessive alcohol consumption, smoking, lack of physical activity, and obesity can contribute to high blood pressure.
- Chronic conditions: Certain medical conditions like kidney disease, diabetes, hormonal disorders (such as Cushing’s syndrome or hyperthyroidism), and sleep apnea can lead to hypertension.
- Stress: Chronic stress and high levels of anxiety can elevate blood pressure temporarily or long-term.
- Medications and substances: Some medications, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), decongestants, and certain antidepressants, as well as illicit drug use (such as cocaine), can cause a rise in blood pressure.
- Hormonal changes: Hormonal fluctuations during pregnancy or menopause can contribute to temporary increases in blood pressure.
It is important to note that in most cases, high blood pressure doesn’t have a specific identifiable cause and is referred to as essential hypertension. Regular blood pressure monitoring, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, and following medical advice are essential for managing and controlling hypertension.